Application Of Microaggression Theory Study Caste Based...

Application of Microaggression theory to study caste-based discrimination: â€Å"Every black child will recognize and defend promptly and adequately against every offensive micro-aggression. In this way, the toll that is registered after accumulation of such insults should be markedly reduced (Pierce, 1970, p. 280)†. Since more than two-decade higher education institutions in the U.S. have recognized issues of diversity and discrimination. Studies on diversity and discrimination are mainly grounded in race and identity issues. Discrimination of students of color or racism in higher education is parallel to caste-based discrimination. Gupta (2006) stated that discrimination based on caste in India and race in the U.S. are similar at†¦show more content†¦The concept of microaggression further developed by Derald Sue and colleagues in 2007, and defined â€Å"microaggressions are the brief and commonplace daily verbal, behavioral, and environmental indignities, whether intentional or unintentional, that communicate hostile, derogatory or negative racial, gender, sexual orientation, and religious slights and insults to the target person or group (Sue, 2010, p.5)†. Dr. Sue developed a robust theoretical framework and research tools (e.g. discourse analysis), which facilitate an opportunity to apply racial microaggression model in issues of gender, sexual orientation and stigmatized identities such as caste. In the theory of microaggression, Sue et al., (2007) explained taxonomic classification of microaggression messages in everyday life. Through the lenses of clinical psychology, Sue and his colleagues have identified three broad categories: 1) microassults, 2) microinsults, 3) microinvalidations. They also discuss various physical, mental and academic consequences on the recipients. However, microaggression theory has been criticized for amplifying the harmful impact on recipients (Schacht, 2008). The theory of microaggression offers deeper understanding about verbal and non-verbal exchanges between a subordinate and the dominant groups. The theory is widely explored to investigate implicit and explicit

American Sign Language Interpreters who Interpret in...

American Sign Language Interpreters who interpret in mental health settings have a unique opportunity to be an effective part of the healing process for Deaf consumers by accurately interpreting the information between him or her and their mental health physician and / or team. In order to accomplish this, interpreters must seek the necessary training to work in the mental health setting, educate themselves about the various mental illnesses , understand the various demands and controls necessary to function in this environment, and lastly, know how to take care of themselves when they feel emotionally drained from working in this type of environment. One of the re-occurring themes throughout the readings has been the need for interpreters to have the proper training for working in mental health settings. Interpreters can begin the training process by contacting their colleagues who are familiar with mental health interpreting and inquiring about their experiences and their training i.e. workshops, mentorship programs, institutions of higher learning, et cetera. They can inquire about the physical and mental demands of working in a mental health setting and how it affects their personal lives outside of the assignment. The Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf encourages interpreters to, â€Å"Pursue opportunities for professional development in this interpreting practice specialty area. Increase your knowledge regarding therapeutic interventions, clinical terminology andShow MoreRelatedFlashing Lights, Hugs From Strangers, Pounding Of Tables,1589 Words   |  7 Pageswith another who cannot hear? From the perspective of one who grew up in the hearing world, these cultural norms were anything but normal; yet they have become ingrained, almost second nature. Now these are my norms and are part of my world. My journey into Deaf culture started in elementary school while riding the school bus. A friend of mine named Francis allowed me into her world of American Sign Language by teaching me the manual alphabet and some basic conversational sign language, such as rollerRead MoreAdvancing Effective Communicationcommunication, Cultural Competence, and Patient- and Family-Centered Care Quality Safety Equity53293 Words   |  214 PagesWilson-Stronks, M.P.P., Project Director, Health Disparities, Division of Quality Measurement and Research, The Joint Commission. Paul Schyve, M.D., Senior Vice President, The Joint Commission Christina L. 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A communication theory explains how the exchange of messages works and which factors influence the way we understand messages or rather assign meaning to them. What are the essential components of the basic communication model? The basic communication model consists of a speaker who is the sender. He has a thought and encodes his thought into a message (=text)Read MoreSummary Communication Theory13084 Words   |  53 Pages5) A message in a successful communication stimulates the hearer(s) who receive it to create a response. What is a communication theory? A communication theory explains how the exchange of messages works and which factors influence the way we understand messages or rather assign meaning to them. What are the essential components of the basic communication model? The basic communication model consists of a speaker who is the sender. He has a thought and encodes his thought into a messageRead MoreMethods of Qualitative of Data Collection19658 Words   |  79 Pages04-Marshall-4864.qxd 2/1/2006 3:16 PM Page 97 4 Data Collection Methods ⠝â€" ⠝â€" ⠝â€" Q ualitative researchers typically rely on four methods for gathering information: (a) participating in the setting, (b) observing directly, (c) interviewing in depth, and (d) analyzing documents and material culture. These form the core of their inquiry—the staples of the diet. Several secondary and specialized methods of data collection supplement them. This chapter provides a brief discussion of the primary andRead MoreA Descriptive Study of the Practice of Music Therapy in Hong Kong17388 Words   |  70 Pagestherapy in Hong Kong. Specifically, a number of related issues were studied including definition of music therapy, the origin of music therapy, the recent developments in music therapy in China, establishment of a music therapy session, and the setting of therapeutic goals and the use of techniques in the professional practices of music therapy. Data were obtained by interviewing local music therapists, focusing on the current professional status and practice of music therapy in Hong Kong. Finally

Finance in International Markets free essay sample

Describe the tradeoffs that are involved for each method (such as exporting, direct foreign investment, etc. ) that Snyder could use to achieve its goal. ANSWER: Snyder can export the clubs, but the transportation expenses may be high. If could establish a subsidiary in Brazil to produce and sell the clubs, but this may require a large investment of funds. It could use licensing, in which it specifies to a Brazilian firm how to produce the clubs. In this way, it does not have to establish its own subsidiary there. b. Which method would you recommend for this firm? Justify your recommendation. ANSWER: If the amount of golf clubs to be sold in Brazil is small, it may decide to export. However, if the expected sales level is high, it may benefit from licensing. If it is confident that the expected sales level will remain high, it may be willing to establish a subsidiary. We will write a custom essay sample on Finance in International Markets or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The wages are lower in Brazil, and the large investment needed to establish a subsidiary may be worthwhile. 15. Impact of Political Risk. Explain why political risk may discourage international business. Some foreign projects would have been feasible if there was no political risk, but will not be feasible because of political risk. 17. International Joint Venture. Anheuser-Busch, the producer of Budweiser and other beers, has recently expanded into Japan by engaging in a joint venture with Kirin Brewery, the largest brewery in Japan. The joint venture enables Anheuser-Busch to have its beer distributed through Kirin’s distribution channels in Japan. In addition, it can utilize Kirin’s facilities to produce beer that will be sold locally. In return, Anheuser-Busch provides information about the American beer market to Kirin. . Explain how the joint venture can enable Anheuser-Busch to achieve its objective of maximizing shareholder wealth. ANSWER: The joint venture creates a way for Anheuser-Busch to distribute Budweiser throughout Japan. It enables Anheuser-Busch to penetrate the Japanese market without requiring a substantial investment in Japan. b. Explain how the joint venture can limit the risk of the international business. ANSWER: The joint venture has limited risk because Anheuser-Busch does not need to establish its own distribution network in Japan. Thus, Anheuser-Busch may be able to use a smaller investment for the international business, and there is a higher probability that the international business will be successful. c. Many international joint ventures are intended to circumvent barriers that normally prevent foreign competition. What barrier in Japan is Anheuser-Busch circumventing as a result of the joint venture? What barrier in the United States is Kirin circumventing as a result of the joint venture? ANSWER: Anheuser-Busch is able to benefit from Kirin’s distribution system in Japan, which would not normally be so accessible.Kirin is able to learn more about how Anheuser-Busch expanded its product across numerous countries, and therefore breaks through an â€Å"information† barrier. d. Explain how Anheuser-Busch could lose some of its market share in countries outside Japan as a result of this particular joint venture. ANSWER: Anheuser-Busch could lose some of its market share to Kirin as a result of explaining its worldwide expansion strategies to Kirin. However, it appears that Anheuser-Busch expects the potential benefits of the joint venture to outweigh any potential adverse effects.

Outline For The Prince Essays - Political Philosophy, Government

Outline For The Prince Outline for The Prince I. The basics - all dominions are acquired through either fortune (hereditary or exploitable circumstances) or ability (virt? - strength, courage, skill, desperate measures; not a reference to moral virtue) II. Hereditary rulers have an easier time keeping power and regaining it because they have less cause and less need to offend than a new one. Unless a hereditary ruler does something truly despicable the people will of him and fight to keep him in power. If a stronger force strips him of the title, he will have an easier time regaining it, because of the necessary cruelties of his overthrowers force on the people make them more affectionate for him. III. Mixed principalities occur when the people overthrow their ruler to join an established neighboring regime in an attempt to improve their lives. This never improves them. The occupying force always injures the new principality, thereby costing their goodwill, yet force cannot be used against them because the new ruler is obligated to them. Therefore, they can neither be satisfied nor forced. Conquering the second time allows the ruler to use force by using the rebellion as an excuse - this makes the lands easier to keep. If customs are the same between the current and soon to be conquered holdings, all one must do is extinguish the ruling family and alter neither the laws nor the taxes. If language, customs ,and laws are different then the prince must make one of three ruling choices. He can either: A. live there - a rulers presence makes it easier to learn of and squash rebellions, installs either love or fear, and keeps potential attackers away for fear of battle and swift retribution. B. colonize - this only offends those who are dispossessed to house your troops and they will have no recourse. C. use a large force of troops - this method is both expensive and annoying to the residents of the new principality. Tip from the Romans - colonize, protect lesser powers without increasing their strength, reduce strong and threatening powers, do not let foreign powers gain footing in neighboring areas. IV. Lands ruled by single rulers are easier to gain and maintain control of than those with a central leader but a number of barons or minor lords (more insurrection, more choices for the people to follow, more threats to your absolute rule). V. The best ways to govern lands had their own lord are: A. destroy it - replace it with your laws (the best choice) B. live there - to keep personal control of things (second best option) C. accept tribute from the near area but leave the laws unchanged - set-up a government to keep it friendly to you. With this method the risks of overrule are still apparent, however the people now in government will do everything they can to keep you in power so that they can stay in power. VI. Nothing is more difficult than establishing a government,; for he who introduces it makes enemies of all who prospered under the old regime and finds but lukewarm defenders from those who stand to benefit from the new one. VII. Those who rise due to good fortune depend entirely on the will and fortune of those who installed them. They rise quickly to the top, but have neither the knowledge nor the power to remain there. Here begin to stress point that people are tools to be used when necessary to gain a desired end. As an example, cite the story of the Duke of Valention (a.k.a. Cesare Borgia) who set a harsh taskmaster with free reign for his cruelties to rule over a new province. Once the man had settled the area to the Duke's satisfaction the Duke noted that the people blamed him for hid dominions cruelty. The Duke rewarded Remirro (the taskmaster) for his work on the Duke's behalf by affixing all the blame upon him. When the people strode into the public square of Cesena they found Remirro's body split in two and left for public display. He was found laying next to a wooden block with a blood-stained knife resting beside it. The people were gratified by the Duke's vengeance and never realized that

Burgess and Atwood and linguistic communication in dystopian societies Essays

Burgess and Atwood and linguistic communication in dystopian societies Essays Burgess and Atwood and linguistic communication in dystopian societies Essay Burgess and Atwood and linguistic communication in dystopian societies Essay as the State attempts to change Alex’s really ideas and behavior forms to do him conform to their impressions of the right citizen ; a point testified to by the words of Dr. Branom when he says: ’You felt ill this afternoon†¦because you’re acquiring better. When we’re healthy we respond to the presence of the hateful with fright and sickness. You’re going healthy that’s all. You’ll be healthier still this clip tomorrow. [ 6 ] In the dystopian universe ofA Clockwork Orangelangauge, in the signifier of slang, is used as a manner of urgently cleaving to the impression of individualism in the face of the homogenising forces of the State and at the book’s decision it is finally successful as Alex retains both his linguistic communication and his sense of Self. The Handmaid’s Tale – Gender Dystopia Margaret Atwood’s novelThe Handmaid’s Taleoffers us a similar and yet subtly different dystopian vision, one that is based ondirectphysical aggression and suppression. WhereasA Clockwork Orangedepicts a society and a State whose force and development is, at first covert and is so revealed, inThe Handmaid’s Talethe power of Gilead over the organic structures and heads of the adult females is obvious from the book’s really gap: We slept in what had one time been the secondary school. The floor was of stained wood, with chevrons of and circles painted on it, for the games that were once played at that place, the basketballs for the hoops cyberspaces were still in topographic point, though the cyberspaces were gone. [ 7 ] There is no covert State power here, none of the concealed docket ofA Clockwork Orange, this gap scene reminds us of the images of disfranchised and anomic refugees or concentration cantonment captives. The adult females have been stripped of all material worth, ready to be molded into what the patriarchal State desires. Womans are classified and characterised harmonizing to their comparative utility to the male dominated societal order, a point most clearly reflected in the coloring material of their apparels: red for the Handmaids, blue for the Wives, brown for the Aunts etc. The desires of the patriarchate are literally inscribed on the organic structures of the adult females in the signifier of their garb and, through the usage of names ( Offred, Ofglen etc. ) their position non merely as objects but as ownerships is invariably asserted. Womans in are Gilead non merely suppressed and exploited, they are dehumanised and de-individuated. In chapter 20 seven, for case Offred offers us a description of the local town that has had all mention to muliebrity removed: We turn out dorsums to the Wall, caput left. Here there are several empty shopfronts, their glass Windowss scrawled with soap. I try to retrieve what was sold in them, one time. Cosmetics? Jewelery? Most of the shops transporting things for work forces are still unfastened ; its merely the 1s covering in what they call amour propres that have been shut down. [ 8 ] In Gilead, female gender is deemed as either unsafe or worthless, it needs to be either restricted or expunged. Handmaids are used strictly as vass for kids, they are robbed of their gender, non even being allowed to utilize soap or cosmetics. Again, as Nancy Walker ( 1990 ) points out, control in Gilead is closely linked to linguistic communication and its utilizations: InThe Handmaid s Talemerely the opinion category have entree to books, scriptural injunctions are distorted, and even Scrabble is a cloak-and-dagger activity. [ 9 ] The linguistic communication that Atwood utilises for her novel is a unusual mixture of antediluvian Biblical mention and modern-day concatenation, as we have already seen, the naming of the Handmaids reflect their position as ownerships through the evocation of of Fred or of Glen but there are deeper significances: Gilead, for case is found in the Old Testament ( Jeremiah 46: 11 ) , the frocks are called habits’ ( Atwood, 1996: 34 ) and the citizens of Gilead greet each other by stating Praise be ( Atwood, 1996: 29 ) , all are clearly mentions to the alteration of linguistic communication to reflect spiritual indoctrination. The Handmaid’s Tale, as David Sisk ( 1997 ) tells us concerns itself, to a really big extent, with the grade that control over a society’s linguistic communication besides means control over the heads of those within it. It is no accident that Offred’s minute of minor rebellion, in the signifier of the Scrabble game with the Commander, is twinned with an enraptured usage of words, as if their really sound signals some exciting glance of release: We drama two games. Larynx, I spell. Valance. Quince. Zygote. I hold the calendered counters with their smooth borders, finger the letters. The feeling is juicy. This is freedom, an eyeblink of it. Limp. I spell. Gorge. What a luxury [ 10 ] Here we see some of the lingual sense ofA Clockwork Orange, like Alex, Offred finds a sense of freedom in the usage of words that are outside of the proscribed, regulated linguistic communication. However, whereas, in Burgess’ novel the semantic change of linguistic communication comes from the user ( Alex’s slang ) inThe Handmaid’s Taleit comes from the oppressive power of the State: Gilead restricts linguistic communication and so excessively the ideas and responses of those that use it. Decisions As we have seen, the word picture of dystopian societies and the representation of linguistic communication inA Clockwork OrangeandThe Handmaid’s Taleare linked and yet perceptibly different. Ultimately both concern themselves with the extent that control over linguistic communication and look equates to command of lives and fates ; Alex is all the stronger for asseverating his control via nadsat and Offred is all the weaker for releasing hers to the linguistic communication of the Republic of Gilead. Both novels characteristic State force of a sort, Burgess’ through Capitalist brainwashing and behavior alteration and Atwood’s through an open patriarchal subjection of adult females ; both of these rather clearly have a modern-day relevancy, the former to theories of psychological intercession prevalent in the sixtiess and 70s ( see for case Alan Kazdin’s bookBehaviour Modification in Applied Settings( 1975 ) ) and the latter to feminist writers such as Andrea Dworkin and Laura Mulvey’s averments on the jussive mood for censoring in arguments refering erotica and the objectification of adult females in the modern media. In an progressively diverse and technologically based society, nevertheless, the existent relevancy of both of these plants lies in their word picture of the power of linguistic communication to both liberate and subjugate. Each suggests that there is a direct correlativity between the ownership of linguistic communication and the flexing of power, a point made by Robin Tolmach Lakoff in his surveyTalking Power: The Politicss of Language in Our Lifes: Language is powerful ; linguistic communication is power. Language is a change-creating force and therefore to be feared and used, if at all, with great attention, non unlike fire. ( Tolmach Lakoff, 1990: 13 ) Mentions Atwood, M ( 1996 ) ,The Handmaid’s Tale, London: Vintage. ( ISBN 0099740915 ) Burgess, A ( 2000 ) ,A Clockwork Orange, London: Penguin. ( ISBN 0141182601 ) Fiedler, K and Bless, H ( 2001 ) , Social Cognition , published in Hewstone, M and Stroebe, W ( explosive detection systems ) ,Introduction to Social Psychology, London: Blackwell, pp.115-150, ( ISBN063120437 ) Holy Bible( 1991 ) , Oxford: Oxford University Press. ( ISBN: 0195283708 ) Kautksy, K ( 1888 ) , Thomas More and his Utopia , available online at hypertext transfer protocol: //www.marxists.org/archive/kautsky/1888/more/ [ accessed 14ThursdayDec 2005 ] Kazdin, A ( 1975 ) ,Behaviour Modification in Applied Settings, London: Dorsey Press, ( ISBN 025601681 ) More, T ( 1980 ) ,Utopia, London ; Penguin ( ISBN 0140441654 ) Morrison, B ( 2000 ) ,Introduction, published Burgess, A,A Clockwork Orange, London: Penguin, ( ISBN 0141182601 ) Partridge, E. ( 1933 ) ,Slang: Today and Yesterday, London: Stephen Austin and Sons Sisk, D ( 1997 ) ,Transformations of Language in Modern Dystopias, London: Greenwood Press ( ISBN: 0313304114 ) Sutz, E ( 1957 ) ,The Praise of Wisdom: A Commentary on the Religious and Moral Problems and Background of St Thomas More’s Utopia, Oxford: Oxford University Press ( ISBN: B0000CJXIS ) Tolmach Lakoff, R ( 1990 ) ,Talking Power: The Politicss of Language, London: Basic Books, ( ISBN: 0465083595 ) Walker, N ( 1990 ) ,Feminist Options: Irony and Fantasy in the Contemporary Novel by Women, Mississippi: University of Mississippi ( ISBN: 0878054421 ) Bibliography hypertext transfer protocol: //www.sparknotes.com/lit/clockworkorange/ [ accessed 14ThursdayDecember 2005 ] hypertext transfer protocol: //www.sparknotes.com/lit/handmaid/ [ accessed 14ThursdayDecember 2005 ] 1

Free Essays on Through The Eyes of a Sober Stranger

she could tell that he shared her disgust for this pathetic atmosphere and a new desire to escape this place. They talked with their eyes and discovered a mutual... Free Essays on Through The Eyes of a Sober Stranger Free Essays on Through The Eyes of a Sober Stranger Through The Eyes of a Sober Stranger The air was thick with the stench of alcohol, and there also lingered a sour odor, remnant of the contents of stomachs that had been recently and rapidly emptied. To breathe in this air meant to suffer the consequences of the aforementioned stench, or to choose perhaps the lesser of two evils, and inhale through the mouth. However, this relinquished a salty taste to the tongue - that of sweat from dozens of dancing strangers’ bodies. All the while, the din of empty beer cans clanging on the floor was drowned out by speakers oozing thumping music that sent vibrations throughout the house. These things went unnoticed by the majority of her distant intoxicated cohorts swaying to the beat. It seemed that only she could hear and smell and sense these sordid things; no one else present would notice them, because to all of them it was â€Å"normal† and just a part of the â€Å"awesome party scene† with which they were all enthralled. By the hazy greenish-blue lighting that crept in through the windows, she could tell that it was now around 2:30 or 3:00 in the morning; much longer than she should have stayed. And she began to wonder, why did she stay? What a waste of time. What a waste of a night. What a waste of life. In her mind, she made the decision to leave. And so she gave one last glance around the dismal â€Å"party,† but found herself doing a â€Å"double-take† when her eyes met up with those of a handsome stranger across the room. She paused in her plan to escape so quickly and took another glimpse into his eyes. It is said that â€Å"eyes are the window to the soul† and his just matched the greenish-blue hue of the sky - which had just recently triggered her response to abandon these bleak surroundings. Without words she could tell that he shared her disgust for this pathetic atmosphere and a new desire to escape this place. They talked with their eyes and discovered a mutual...

How EICC Coroporte Social Responsibility Measureble and Sustainable Essay

How EICC Coroporte Social Responsibility Measureble and Sustainable - Essay Example Code of Conduct in EICC The Code of Conduct of people employed in companies under the umbrella of EICC came into form focusing mainly on three specific areas. Firstly it worked in helping create a safer and transparent work atmosphere in the companies. Secondly it enhanced the responsibility parameter of the people in regards to environment and society. Thirdly the Code of Conducts helps in motivating the people to develop on their business skills and thus enhance productivity. Companies desiring to adopt the Code of Conduct for EICC are required to firstly identify interest in the people and thereby raise commitment in them to follow such codes in their actions. Thus training of the staffs by the management body while keeping an eye on the changing guidelines in the EICC Codes of Conduct also constitutes an integral part of their actions (EICC, â€Å"EICC Code†). EICC Implementation and sustenance of CSR Principles in Western Digital (Thailand) Company Limited Western Digital is a California based company that works in the generation of products and services for those companies that work on the collection, management and employment of large amount of digital databases. The company earns expertise in the production of hard disks for easy storage and use of data. Thailand is considered as the company’s largest manufacturing center employing around 30,000 people committed to render quality in products and services (Western Digital, â€Å"Welcome to Western Digital†). Western Digital a continuing member of EICC vehemently supports the Code of Conduct guidelines laid down by the body in regards to the monitoring the actions of its supply chain groups in fulfilling economic, social and environmental goals (Western Digital, â€Å"Corporate Social Responsibility Report 2011†, 19). Preliminary Literature Review Relevancy and Scope of the EICC Codes of Conduct for Corporate Social Responsibility FIAS (2007) observes that the EICC Codes of Con duct in regards to the sector of Corporate Social Responsibility operates along parameters like employment conditions of the people pertaining to compensation schemes and other employment policies relating to discrimination and employment of children. Again the Codes of Conduct also focus on sustaining and enhancing the health and safety paradigms of the workplace. Along with focusing on enhancing the betterment of work conditions for the people the codes of conduct also laid stress on the meeting of environmental guidelines by the company. Finally the Codes of Conduct laid down by EICC tends to evaluate whether the management of the company has taken significant steps in training the people in effective understanding and fulfillment of the relevant guidelines. Herein the EICC Codes of Conduct tends to enhance the accountability of the management to fulfill the relevant guidelines by identifying the task holder groups. Moreover the Codes of Conduct also require auditing to be done o f the operational process of the enterprise in regards to the operational standards and guidelines as reflected and documented by EICC. Training rendered to the people for the adequate fulfillment of the EICC Codes of Conduct needs to draw potential feedbacks from the respondents so as to firstly assess the interest of the